Русский язык (Определение главной информации текста)
Результаты теста
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Вопрос 1
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды
1. The speaker expresses nostalgia about the earlier days of the festival.
2. The speaker describes a festival that celebrates an old symbolic tradition.
3. The speaker says the festival supports worthy causes.
4. The speaker wanted to fit in with the crowd at the festival.
5. The speaker prefers smaller festivals with a special atmosphere.
6. The speaker was impressed by the number and range of cultural events.
7. The speaker had a frightening experience during the festival.
| Говорящий | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| Утверждение |
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3 , 7 , 1 , 6 , 2 , 4
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Вопрос 2
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A) Jerry does not want to travel to a crowded place this summer.
B) Jerry thinks that his last year journey to Paris was perfect.
C) Kate would prefer to go to a popular European tourist resort.
D) Jerry is going to swim in the sea in Egypt.
E) Jerry will take part in several archeological excavations held in Luxor.
F) Kate thinks that booking in advance is important.
G) Jerry has discovered that prices at the chosen five stars hotel are rather high.
Запишите в ответ цифры, расположив их в порядке, соответствующем буквам:
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
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1 , 2 , 3 , 2 , 2 , 1 , 3
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Вопросы 3-9
Вы услышите рассказ. В заданиях 3—9 впишите цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа в поле ответа ниже. Вы услышите запись дважды.
3.What’s the main role of English in India according to the speaker?
1) Enabling communication between the country’s people.
2) Serving as the language of Indian Mass Media.
3) Connecting India with the rest of the world.
4.Which of the following is TRUE about Indian English?
1) It has specific features in grammar as well as in vocabulary and phonetics.
2) It exists only in local newspapers.
3) It’s similar to Australian English.
5.What, according to the speaker, partly explains the specifics of Indian English?
1) Education traditions in India.
2) Indian history and culture.
3) Structure of local languages.
6.Which of the following is mentioned as a grammatical feature of Indian English?
1) Use of a plural form of a certain word in relation to a single object.
2) Avoiding use of the progressive tense.
3) Overuse of the definite article.
7.Which of the following phrases is used in Indian English for “How can I help you?”?
1) Where are you put up?
2) Hello, what do you want?
3) Tell me …
8.What does the speaker say about the language of Indian teenagers?
1) It makes Indian English more modern.
2) It’s devised to confuse older people.
3) It consists of slang mostly.
9.What’s the basic direction of changes in modern Indian English according to the speaker?
1) Purification.
2) Simplification.
3) Localization.
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1 , 1 , 3 , 1 , 3 , 1 , 2
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Вопрос 10
Раздел 2. Чтение
Установите соответствие между заголовками 1–8 и текстами A–G. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.
1. Hard to see and to believe
2. From travelling to discovery
3. Little experience — big success
4. Small size — great opportunities
5. Inspired by noble goals
6. Hard to explain how they could
7. Protected by law
8. Breathtaking just to watch
A. Charles Darwin's five-year voyage on H. M. S. Beagle has become legendary and greatly influenced his masterwork, the book, On the Origin of Species. Darwin didn't actually formulate his theory of evolution while sailing around the world aboard the Royal Navy ship. But the exotic plants and animals he encountered challenged his thinking and led him to consider scientific evidence in new ways.
B. The 19th century was a remarkable time for exploration. Vast portions of the globe, such as the interior of Africa, were mapped by explorers and adventurers. It was the time when David Livingstone became convinced of his mission to reach new peoples in Africa and introduce them to Christianity, as well as free them from slavery.
C. Louis Pasteur's various investigations convinced him of the Tightness of his germ theory of disease, which holds that germs attack the body from outside. Many felt that such tiny organisms as germs could not possibly kill larger ones such as humans. But Pasteur extended this theory to explain the causes of many diseases — including cholera, ТВ and smallpox — and their prevention by vaccination.
D. Frederick Law Olmsted, the architect who designed New York City's Central Park, called the Yosemite Valley «the greatest glory of nature.» Californians convinced one of their representatives, Senator John Conness, to do something about its protection. In May 1864, Conness introduced legislation to bring the Yosemite Valley under the control of the state of California. President Abraham Lincoln signed the bill into law.
E. The Maya thrived for nearly 2,000 years. Without the use of the cartwheel or metal tools, they built massive stone structures. They were accomplished scientists. They tracked a solar year of 365 days and one of the few surviving ancient Maya books contains tables of eclipses. From observatories, like the one at Chichen Itza, they tracked the progress of the war star, Mars.
F. Bali has been a surfing hotspot since the early 20th century, and continues to attract surfers from all over the world. The island's small size and unique geography provides wonderful surfing conditions, in all seasons, for surfers of any level of experience. Inexperienced surfers might like to try Kuta's kind waves, while more able surfers will try Nusa Dua's powerful waves.
G. Base jumping is an extreme sport, one which only very adventurous travelers enjoy. Some base jumpers leap off bridges, others off buildings and the most extreme off cliffs in Norway. Once a year, base jumpers in the US get to leap off the New River Bridge in West Virginia. During the annual Bridge Day, hundreds of jumpers can go off the bridge legally. Thousands of spectators show up to watch.
| Текст | A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
| Заголовок |
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2 , 5 , 1 , 7 , 6 , 4 , 8
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Вопрос 11
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
The world’s population is about to reach a landmark of huge social and economic importance, when the proportion of the global population over 65 outnumbers children under 5 for the first time. A new report by the US census bureau shows A ______ , with enormous consequences for both rich and poor nations.
The rate of growth will shoot up in the next couple of years. The В ______ a combination of the high birth rates after the Second World War and more recent improvements in health that are bringing down death rates at older ages. Separate UN forecasts predict that the global population will be more than nine billion by 2050.
The US census bureau was the first to sound the С ______ . Its latest forecasts warn governments and international bodies that this change in population structure will bring widespread challenges at every level of human organization, starting with the structure of the family, which will be transformed as people live longer. This will in turn place new burdens on careers and social services providers, D ______ for health services and pensions systems.
“People are living longer and, in some parts of the world, healthier lives,” the authors conclude. “This represents one of the greatest achievements of the last century but also a significant challenge E ______ population.”
Ageing will put pressure on societies at all levels. One way of measuring that is to look at the older dependency ratio, F ______ that must be supported by them. The ODR is the number of people aged 65 and over for every 100 people aged 20 to 64. It varies widely, from just six in Kenya to 33 in Italy and Japan. The UK has an ODR of 26, and the US has 21.
1. which recently replaced Italy as the world’s oldest major country
2. alarm about these changes
3. a huge shift towards an ageing population
4. change is due to
5. while patterns of work and retirement will have huge implications
6. which shows the balance between working-age people and the older
7. as proportions of older people increase in most countries
| Пропуск | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| Часть предложения |
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3 , 4 , 2 , 5 , 7 , 6
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Вопросы 12-18
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании выберите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, впишите её в соответствующее поле внизу страницы.
Ha, ha, ha! How they laughed that day in the 1790s when a man first walked the streets of London holding an umbrella.
Some people got angry and began shouting that to carry such a contraption was ungodly because it ‘defied the heavenly purpose of rain’ (which is to get uswet).
Drivers of Hackney carriages soon realised umbrellas posed a threat to their trade, and insulted chaps who carried them by yelling: ‘What’s wrong – are you a Frenchman?’ It was a grievous insult (and still is today), but the umbrella was not
to be denied.
Eton schoolboys took to carrying them, much to the annoyance of their headmaster, John Keats. “An effeminate innovation,” he thundered. “We are degenerating into a girl’s school.”
Early umbrellas were not impenetrable to rain. Their coverings of cotton, or even silk, were coated with oil, varnish or melted wax, which soon cracked. They featured all kinds of gimmicks. Some had windows, or whistled when open. There was an umbrella with a gutter, which drained rain down a tube. A variation on this caught rain in a flask for use as drinking water.
It was not until about 1800 that umbrellas and parasols achieved separate identities in Britain. Since ancient times there have been umbrellas to keep off the sun, but the word umbrella had nothing to do with rain. It is derived from Latin ‘umbra’, meaning shade.
Until the early 1850s umbrellas had heavy whalebone frames which tended to crack. But then Samuel Fox came on the scene, and from his factory in Stockbridge, Sheffield, he revolutionised the umbrella world. In 1852, he patented a lightweight metal frame which was to make him a fortune and set the standard for umbrellas we know today.
The first umbrellas came to Britain from France but by the time of the battle of Waterloo in 1815 it was the French who were laughing at the British for using them. Napoleon’s General Lejeune was highly amused that English officers rode across the field of battle holding aloft umbrellas and parasols. It might have looked ridiculous, but the British won!
That was not the only instance of umbrellas being used by the British army. The British Major Digby Tatham-Warter, veteran of WWI, and a commander of a parachute brigade during WWII, always carried an umbrella into battle. This not only provided some British humour in otherwise very serious and frightening circumstances, but was even used by the brave major to fight the Germans. Once he disabled a German tank by pushing the umbrella through the observation slit and wounding the driver in the eye.
Some collectors believe that now is a perfect time to start collecting antique umbrellas and parasols, as they are reckoned to be underpriced, a situation which could easily change if more people got the idea of collecting them. Parasol styles seemed to change every few months in the 19th century, so there are plenty to choose from. Beautiful parasols made in Victorian times can be bought for as little as 30 to 100 pounds, but even a rare Georgian umbrella with carved ivory grip might be unlikely to exceed 500 pounds at an auction.
12.Drivers of Hackney carriages insulted people who were using umbrellas because
1) they wanted to sell umbrellas themselves.
2) they were trying to save their business.
3) the owners of umbrellas were French.
4) they didn't like what umbrellas looked like
13.The funny and clever features of the first umbrellas did NOT include the following:
1) making special noises
2) having transparent parts
3) being totally waterproof
4) having a container for a drink
14.Before 1800 the word ‘umbrella’ meant
1) the same as the word ‘parasol’.
2) nothing: it simply did not exist.
3) ‘a device protecting you from the rain’.
4) any kind of shade of any shape.
15.What did Samuel Fox do?
1) He replaced heavy whalebone with light metal.
2) He became rich having discovered light metals.
3) He wrote specifications for a quality umbrella.
4) He participated in the revolutionary movement.
16.The French were laughing at the British during the Battle of Waterloo because
1) the French were winning.
2) the British looked funny.
3) the British copied the French.
4) it was General Lejeune’s tactics.
17.Which statement is NOT true about Major Digby Tatham-Warter?
1) He had a British sense of humour.
2) He was a typical British eccentric.
3) He used an umbrella as a weapon.
4) He didn’t find war serious or scary.
18According to the author of the article, Victorian parasols are
1) now cheap to buy.
2) collectors' favourites.
3) not reliable enough.
4) not sold at auctions.
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2 , 3 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 4 , 1
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Вопросы 19-22
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните поля ответа полученными словами в соответствующем порядке
19.WIFE
Mr. Jones and Mr. Brown worked in the same office. Their ______ were good friends. One day Mr. Jones invited Mr. Brown to a small party.
20.SURPRISE
J Mr. Brown went into the other room and telephoned. He ______ very much by his telephone conversation.
21.NOT BE
When he came back Mr. Jones asked him, “Have you spoken to your wife already?” “No, she ______ there when I phoned. My small son answered the phone. I asked him, “Is your mother there?” And he said, “She is somewhere outside”.
22.LOOK
“Why is she outside?” I asked. “She ______ for me”, he answered.
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wives , wassurprised , wasnot , islooking
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Вопросы 23-25
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните поля ответа полученными словами в соответствующем порядке
23.POPULAR
Have you ever celebrated Maslenitsa? It is one of the ______ festivals in Russia. It signals the end of winter and welcomes the coming of spring.
24.EAT
Russian pancakes blini — are very important in the celebration of Maslenitsa. Blini ______ with jam, sour cream, and ofcourse, lots of butter.
25.GET
Warm, round, and golden — blini are the symbol of the sun! Ancient Russians actually believed that when eating a pancake, they ______ a part of the Sun’s life energy.
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mostpopular , areeaten , weregetting
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Вопросы 26-31
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните поля ответа полученными словами в соответствующем порядке
26.TRAVEL
“Bath is the finest place on earth for you may enjoy it without getting tired”. These are the words of the 18th century __________________ James Boswell upon his first visit to the place.
27.TRUE
He was right, of course. This is a __________________ glorious Georgian city with its well-preserved Roman remains and famous baths.
28.BUILD
Bath is one of the easiest cities to explore with a compact centre of broad main streets lined with numerous historic __________________ and pretty shops.
29.EXCITE
Everything you could want to see is within walking distance but you can spend several days in Bath each day doing something different and something __________________.
30.MYSTERY
Don’t forget that nearby is the ancient and __________________ Stonehenge, a circle of enormous rocks on the edge of the Salisbury Plain.
31.DIRECT
Perhaps Bath and its surroundings have some greatest sights in Britain. A trip to this city or in any __________________ from it will lead you to an wonderful day.
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traveller , truly , buildings , exciting , mysterious , direction
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Вопросы 32-38
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Вставьте номер выбранного вами варианта ответа в соответствующее поле внизу страницы.
I have always been interested in various cultures especially those completely alien to us. Thus, imagine my delight when my father 32 ______ me that he was taking us on a holiday to Bangkok and from there to visit a remote tribe that lives about 200 kilometers north of the capital city. As my father explained, the tribe lives an isolated life and the members are cut 33 ______ from the rest of the world in terms of their unique and even weird cultural practices.
During our trip I have noticed that the Thai people are very friendly and their greetings are very 34 ______ to the Indians’. For example, when they meet you they bring their palms together in a prayer-like position and bend their bodies a little as a way of welcoming and acknowledging you. It would definitely 35 ______ you feel as an honored guest. At first, I was rather 36 ______ by these greeting traditions which seemed so unusual and respectful to me. Surprisingly, soon I got used to doing that myself and 37 ______ this procedure during my entire trip to Thailand. We spent only two fantastic days in Bangkok before heading 38 ______ the remote village which was going to be the most exciting time of our lives, dad promised. We were excited and could not wait seeing everything with our own eyes!
32.
1) spoke
2) said
3) talked
4) told
33.
1) out
2) back
3) off
4) down
34.
1) equal
2) near
3) similar
4) alike
35.
1) hold
2) take
3) keep
4) make
36.
1) attached
2) influenced
3) related
4) impressed
37.
1) enjoyed
2) preferred
3) amused
4) pleased
38.
1) against
2) towards
3) besides
4) within
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4 , 3 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 1 , 2
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Вопрос 39
Раздел 4. Письмо
You havе just rеcеivеd a lеttеr from your English-spеaking pеn-friеnd, Paula.
My friend and I have just decided to enter the "Go Green in the City" competition. We are going to create a project on the energy management. Have you ever taken part in green projects? What alternative forms of energy are developed in Russia? Do you prefer using public transport or a private car and why?
Last week I visited Granny who lives in Edinburgh...
Writе a lеttеr to Paula.
In your lеttеr
– answer her questions
– ask 3 questions about her trip
Write 100–140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
Пожалуйста, сравните полученный Вами ответ с ответом, указанным во вкладке "пояснение". Укажите баллы самостоятельно, руководствуясь критериями оценивания выполнения задания.
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1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6
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Вопрос 40
Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных высказываний и выразите своё мнение по предложенной проблеме согласно данному плану.
Comment on one of the following statements.
1. A person who is fluent in a foreign language can easily work as an interpreter.
2. Some students think that the most important thing for a teacher is to make studying enjoyable for students.
What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200–250 words. Use the following plan:
− make an introduction (state the problem)
− express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
− express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
− explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
− make a conclusion restating your position
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6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14
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Вопрос 41
Раздел 5. Говорение
Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.
|
What does the Moon smell like? Like gunpowder, apparently. Only twelve people have walked on the moon, all of them American. Obviously, in their airtight space suits the astronauts could not actually smell the Moon, but moondust is clingy stuff, and plenty of it was traipsed back into the cabin when they returned from the Moon’s surface. They reported that moondust feels like snow, smells like gunpowder, and doesn’t taste too bad. Moon’s surface. It also contains minerals like iron, calcium and magnesium. NASA employs a small team to sniff every single piece of equipment which goes onto its space flights. This is to ensure that no items which could change the delicate balance of the climate of the International Space Station make it on to shuttles. The idea that the Moon was made of cheese seems to date from the sixteenth century. The first citation from John Heywood says that the moon is made of green cheese. |
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1
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Вопрос 42
Study the advertisement.
You are considering joining the Chess Club and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out about the following:
1) activities
2) training courses
3) membership fee
4) location
5) getting to the place
You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Пожалуйста, сравните полученный Вами ответ с ответом, указанным во вкладке "пояснение". Укажите баллы самостоятельно, руководствуясь критериями оценивания выполнения задания.
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1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5
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Вопрос 43
These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken
• what/who is in the photo
• what is happening
• why you keep the photo in your album
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend
You have to talk continuously, starting with: "I’ve chosen photo number… "
Пожалуйста, сравните полученный Вами ответ с ответом, указанным во вкладке "пояснение". Укажите баллы самостоятельно, руководствуясь критериями оценивания выполнения задания.
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1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7
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Вопрос 44
Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs:
• give a brief description of the photos (action, location)
• say what the pictures have in common
• say in what way the pictures are different
• say what kind of work presentedin the photos you prefer
• explain why
You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
Пожалуйста, сравните полученный Вами ответ с ответом, указанным во вкладке "пояснение". Укажите баллы самостоятельно, руководствуясь критериями оценивания выполнения задания.
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1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7
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